
("Do you want to ride in my Mercedes, boy?" - Pebbles)
Now first, let me reiterate that I am an avid and undying Audi fan. That said, there are other fine German automotive vehicles produced over here, so it only made sense that I would visit at least one of the two such manufacturer museums when in Stuttgart. I chose Mercedes-Benz and will leave Porsche for another day.
The Benz museum has gotten high marks for its architecture, and with good reason. It is really a both beautiful and functional building that reminds me of a cross between the Guggenheim Museum in New York and the Reichstag dome in Berlin. After purchasing your ticket (EUR 8) on the lower level, you pass through one of two areas where you collect your audio guide (included in the ticket price) and then get on what I can best describe as an elevator capsule that whisks you to the top floor of the museum. It is said to have a double-helix structure inside, which I understand from a DNA perspective but less from an architectural perspective. But anyway, you basically walk down a series of ramps interspersed with landings with exhibits until you reach the bottom. Lots of windows on the exterior as well, so plenty of natural light. Otherwise, very industrial looking with exposed concrete.
Also quite organized and high-tech. It is, after all, in Germany! There were numerous interactive displays regarding various technologies and development of the vehicles, for example. And even the audio guide was a bit different than what I am used to in museum. Instead of having to punch in a number for an exhibit, you point the device at a dark spot in the description of the exhibit, which must create some sort of WiFi or infrared connection. The display on the audio guide device then displays a menu of recordings from which you can choose, ranging from a general overview of the vehicle/exhibit, technology involved, design, and even a special menu option for kids. Each one indicates the length of the recording so you can figure out how much time to invest. Quite slick.
As you walk down the ramp, there is a fascinating series of signs/displays starting with the invention of various inventions by Carl Benz and other founding fathers and including both world history, German history, automotive history, and Benz history. It was done in a really fascinating and integrated way that helped you understand the historical context of transportation, world events and the corresponding developments of the company. And the world history events really ran the gamut. A few examples: women's suffrage, development of branding and trademark law, social programs and workers rights, prohibition, the German Women's Automobile Association, forced laborers, Elvis, ET, break dancing, Boris Becker's Wimbledon victory, world wide web, Dolly the sheep, the return of Hong Kong to China, introduction of the Euro. Fascinating.
I learned a few interesting tidbits, though. First, the origin of the Mercedes brand. I had thought that this was the name of Benz's daughter. Not so. When cars were first introduced, they were something only the wealthy had and they hired a chauffeur to drive the vehicle, just as they might have someone to drive their horse-drawn carriage, and particularly since the vehicles often broke down and the driver needed to understand the mechanics involved. But as technology advanced, there emerged a class of "gentlemen drivers" - rich guys who decided to get behind the wheel and drive the cars themselves. Men wanting control? Really? And you can imagine what came next. Yes, men wanting to go faster. (While this may be true, I would also note that as I chick I also appreciate control and speed, so I don't mean to be sexist. And again, note above the inclusion in the history exhibits that of the German Women's Automobile Association, which was founded in 1926.) Anyway, one of Benz's customers asked him to create a car that he could race. Benz was happy to do this and the customer named the car (just as one might name a ship) after his daughter, Mercedes. He was very successful in races, and thus began the recognition of Mercedes as a brand.
The museum has a series of small exhibits throughout the museum titled "33 Extra," and they ranged from the development of the standard ordering of clutch, brake and gas pedals (influenced by the German military way back when) to CB radios to the boxes for drive-in theaters that were mounted on vehicles. I found two of particular interest, though.
The first related to steering wheelings. Early on, the steering wheel was located in the middle of vehicles, but this wasn't particularly practical, especially if anyone else wanted to sit in the front seat (and who doesn't want to be up front?!). So the wheel was moved to the right side so that the driver could keep an eye on the side of the road to make sure he (gentlemen drivers, remember) didn't land in the ditch. However, as more and more cars were on the road, the other drivers (perhaps those distracting pretty lady drivers?) became more of a nuisance, so the steering wheel was moved to the left so the driver could keep an eye on oncoming traffic. Alas, no mention of why traffic in the UK moves the other direction, but the UK would still have the driver closest to the traffic as in other countries where the wheel is located on the lefthand side.
The other interesting item was the development of windshield wipers. Of course, the first vehicles didn't even have windshields, so this wasn't too quick to develop. In Germany, Prince Heinrich of Prussia (go Preuschers!) came up with the idea in 1908 of a handheld device covered in linen that could be drawn across the windshield to clean it up, though of course this only really worked if you had an open vehicle. The Americans were a few years ahead of Germany, though. Apparently Mary Anderson submitted a patent application in 1903 for a more advanced device, having gotten the idea while riding a streetcar in New York in
the winter.
The company notes in the historical pieces along the ramp a few things about its workers through the years. Two items were particularly interesting to me. First, the company shared a bit about its use of forced laborers during World War II. I realized, of course, that like pretty much all German companies that Daimler-Benz had contributed its manufacturing capabilities to the war effort, whether willingly or not. But the used of forced laborers was a bit new to me. Essentially, the able-bodied men of the company had been forced to join the military, so there was no one to make anything. So they paid the German government/military for access to the individuals who were in the custody of the military. Within these forced laborers, there was a clear hierarchy that was visible even in the housing of the individuals. Those from western Europe stayed in inns. Those from eastern Europe stayed in a sort of barracks. And those who were already living in concentration or work camps continued to stay there and were bused back and forth and were under SS supervision at all times. The company says that at the end of the war they tried to contact these forced laborers and pay them some sort of compensation, but.... Anyway you look at it, yikes!
On a positive note, though, the company said that it was among the first to provide more benefits to workers, such as paid time off and, in the early 1900s, reducing the workweek to "only" 9.5 hours for 6 days a week. They also created Daimler soda that was distributed to workers. Out of the goodness of their hearts? Not so much. They were doing it to reduce workers' consumption of fruit wine. Nice....

And, of course, there were the cars themselves. Might seem like it would be hard to pick a favorite among all the nice cars they have made throughout time and especially when faced with some of their celebrity cars (e.g. one of the Popemobiles, Princess Diana's SL that caused such a stir in the UK, Hirohito's ride). But it's not. Hands down, my favorite is the 1936 500 K Spezial Roadster pictured here. Just a beautiful design, flowing and sensual as can be. And even back then, it had a top speed of 100 mph. Yes, miles. The display said that the price was 28,000 Reichsmark, or about €98,000. Not clear whether that is in today's EUR or what it would have been in the 30s. Either way, a nice chunk of change. And no doubt worth every scent of it.
But wait till I go back to the Audi museum and we see some real cars!!